Basic Linux BASH commands

Shell prompts:

• $ - This means you are a user. From the terminal you will see:
• user@host:~$
• # - This means you are root (superuser). From the terminal you will see:
• user@host:~#

View previous screen information:

Shift + Page Up - allows scrolling to view previous screen data

Permitting administrative tasks:

sudo - within Ubuntu, type sudo prior to a command

Note: You will be prompted enter your user password to continue

su - within Debian a user can be allowed to assume the identity (substitute user) of root, or another user

Note: You will be prompted enter the root password to continue

Find out package (applications or programs) information:

dpkg -l - lists all currently installed packages

dpkg -s [package] - informs if the package is installed, and lists package details if available

Shuting down and rebooting the system:

shutdown -r now - shuts down the system, then reboots

shutdown -h now - shuts down the system and leaves it off (halts)

shutdown -rF now - shuts down the system, then reboots and forces an fsck check

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